Latest Hacking News And Events - dA1337: Encryption Policy

Attacks Revive Debate on Encryption, Surveillance

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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";"><strong>The deadly Paris attacks have reignited debate on encrypted communications by terror cells and whether law enforcement and intelligence services are "going dark" in the face of new technologies.</strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">The exact means of communication in Friday's strikes were not immediately clear, but media reports have said the Islamic State organization has increasingly turned to encrypted communications and applications to avoid detection.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">The latest carnage in France has revived concerns that law enforcement and intelligence lack the ability to tap into new communications technologies, even with appropriate legal authorization.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">CIA Director John Brennan, speaking at a Washington forum Monday, warned that some technologies -- without specifically mentioning encryption -- "make it exceptionally difficult, both technically as well as legally, for intelligence and security services to have the insight they need to uncover it."</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Brennan echoed concerns voiced by leaders of the FBI and National Security Agency that terrorists are using encryption to hide their tracks.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"I think what we're going to learn is that these guys are communicating via these encrypted apps, right, the commercial encryption, which is very difficult, if not impossible, for governments to break," former deputy CIA director Michael Morell told the CBS program "Face the Nation."</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">New York City Police Commissioner William Bratton echoed those concerns, saying his department is often frustrated by encryption -- which has increased with new smartphones powered by Apple and Google software that provides only the users with keys to unlock data.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"We're encountering that all the time," Bratton told broadcaster MSNBC Monday. "We have a huge operation in New York City working closely with the Joint Terrorism Task Force and we encounter that frequently. We are monitoring (suspects) and they go dark. They are going onto an encrypted app, they are going onto sites that we cannot access. The technology has been purposely designed by our manufacturers so that even they cannot get into their own devices."</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">So far, the major US technology companies have spurned appeals from officials to enable access for key investigations and have stepped up encryption efforts following the 2013 leaks about vast surveillance capabilities of the US National Security Agency.</span></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">'Game changing'</span></span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">But in light of the bloodletting in France, the debate may change, observers say.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"Evidence that terrorists were, in fact, using strong end-to-end encryption to kill people could be game-changing in a debate that has heretofore been defined by anxieties about NSA," <a href="https://www.lawfareblog.com/what-role-did-encryption-play-paris" style="color: #0076b4; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">said</a> Benjamin Wittes, a Brookings Institution fellow who edits the blog Lawfare.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"The tech companies won the first round of the current encryption battles in large measure because the concerns the intelligence and law enforcement community have about 'going dark,' while acutely real to them, are pretty hypothetical on public evidence," he added.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"All that could change in an instant were it to emerge that the Paris attackers were using technology specifically chosen to secure their communications from those charged with stopping terrorist attacks."</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Steve Vladeck, an American University law professor and editor of the Just Security blog, said there will be renewed debate on surveillance and encryption in the wake of the Paris attacks.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"I don't think we know nearly enough yet to assess whether anything about the Paris attacks ought to tilt the scales in the ongoing debate over encryption," he said.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"The most immediate focus of post-Paris discussions of national security law and policy reform is going to be surveillance, with a special focus on encryption and back doors."</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">But many technology experts and civil liberties activists say allowing special access to law enforcement would weaken online security overall -- and could mean activists, journalists and people living under authoritarian regimes would lack the ability to freely communicate.</span></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Good guys, bad guys</span></span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"We've never been able to create a 'back door' that can discriminate between good guys and bad guys," said Joseph Hall at the digital rights group Center for Democracy & Technology.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Creating special access "would mean engineering vulnerabilities" into these systems, Hall told AFP.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Mark Rotenberg, president of the Electronic Privacy Information Center, said that "there is no evidence so far that encryption thwarted an investigation" into the Paris attackers.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"It may well be that it was a failure of human intelligence."</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Bruce Schneier, a cryptographer who is a fellow at the Harvard Berkman Center for Internet and Society and chief technology officer at the security firm Resilient Systems, said the Paris attacks may be used "to scare people" to weaken encryption.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Schneier said leaked emails from September suggest that the US administration would seek to use a terror attack to get more public support for surveillance.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"They are going to use this to convince people we need back doors," he told AFP.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">"It might change the debate because people are scared."</span></span></div>
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CryptoWall 4.0 Released With Filename Encryption Feature

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<strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">CryptoWall 4.0 has been released recently and the latest version of the notorious file-encrypting ransomware brings several notable changes.</span></span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">According to Bitdefender, the most important change in the latest version of CryptoWall is that the threat doesn’t only encrypt the content of files, it also encrypts file names, which makes it nearly impossible for victims to recognize them.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Another interesting change in CryptoWall 4.0 is the ransom note, which now tells victims that the “CryptoWall Project” is not malicious. Bitdefender has pointed out that the new message is longer, but less alarming, and with a hint of irony.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">“CryptoWall Project is not malicious and is not intended to harm a person and his/her information data. The project is conducted for the sole purpose of instruction in the field of information security, as well as certification of antivirus products for their suitability for data protection. Together we make the Internet a better and safer place,” the note reads.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Researchers at Heimdal Security also spotted some <a href="https://heimdalsecurity.com/blog/security-alert-cryptowall-4-0-new-enhanced-and-more-difficult-to-detect/" style="color: #0076b4; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">improvements</a> designed to help the malware avoid detection. The security firm says antivirus detection rates are currently very low.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">“CryptoWall 4.0 still includes advanced malware dropper mechanisms to avoid antivirus detection, but this new version possesses vastly improved communication capabilities. It includes a modified protocol that enables it to avoid being detected, even by 2nd generation enterprise firewall solutions,” Heimdal Security said in a blog post. “This lowers detection rates significantly compared to the already successful CryptoWall 3.0 attacks.”</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Bitdefender told <em>SecurityWeek</em> that it first spotted the new malware on Wednesday. The security firm is still trying to determine the number of infections, but researchers don’t expect to see a high number of incidents considering that the threat only emerged recently.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">The new version of the ransomware, which similar to previous versions has been distributed via spam emails, demands 1.83 Bitcoin, roughly $700, in return for the private key needed to decrypt the files. Victims are instructed to use the Tor anonymity network to pay the ransom.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">Also similar to previous versions, the Decrypt Service website is used to make the payments, get a status on a payment, and even create support requests. Bitdefender says users can also decrypt one file for free, but recovering the most valuable file might be tricky now that file names are encrypted as well.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">As for encryption, CryptoWall 4.0, like its predecessor, uses the RSA-2048 algorithm, which makes it nearly impossible to recover files without paying the cybercrooks.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";"><a href="http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/cryptowall-4-0-released-with-new-features-such-as-encrypted-file-names/" style="color: #0076b4; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Bleeping Computer </a>reports that CryptoWall 4.0 is also similar to the previous major version when it comes to the use of RC4 encryption for command and control (C&C) communications, fingerprinting the victim’s device, and disabling services that could be used to recover encrypted files.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">In a report released last week, the Cyber Threat Alliance revealed that a single entity is likely behind the many CryptoWall 3.0 campaigns. After analyzing the primary Bitcoin wallets used in these operations, researchers determined that the cybercriminals made more than $300 million.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , "geneva";">While in many cases it’s impossible to recover files without paying the ransom, sometimes victims get lucky, assuming that they hold on to the encrypted files long enough. Kaspersky Lab and Dutch authorities joined forces earlier this year in an effort to help the victims of CoinVault and Bitcryptor ransomware. The security firm announced last week that it had obtained all 14,000 decryption keys needed to recover encrypted files.</span></span></div>
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Encryption Policy Latest News Security news CryptoWall 4.0 Released With Filename Encryption Feature

CryptoWall 4.0 has been released recently and the latest version of the notorious file-encrypting ransomware brings several notable...

Obama Encryption Policy: White House Will Not Force Companies To Decode Encrypted Data

1:11 AM Unknown 0

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After the revelations that Whistleblower Edward Snowden made about the United States National Security Agency (NSA), the U.S. citizens are in need of more transparent digital security.</div>
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The Citizens of the United States have <a href="https://savecrypto.org/?r=eff" rel="nofollow" style="border: 0px; color: #3d5a99; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">appealed</a> to the <b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Obama Administration</b> through a campaign for rejecting any policy, mandate or law that stands against their security in the cyberspace and adopt strong encryption for them.</div>
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The Washington Post <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/obama-administration-opts-not-to-force-firms-to-decrypt-data--for-now/2015/10/08/1d6a6012-6dca-11e5-aa5b-f78a98956699_story.html" rel="nofollow" style="border: 0px; color: #3d5a99; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">reported</a> that the Obama Administration has agreed partially on the encrypted communications issue.</div>
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<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">"The administration has decided not to seek a legislative remedy now, but it makes sense to continue the conversations with industry," </i><b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">James B. Comey</b>, FBI Director, said at a Senate hearing Thursday of the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee.</div>
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This decision is considered as the Status Quo. It is like a win-win situation to decrease the tension because of the Petition and regard the law enforcement agencies as well as the citizens.</div>
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What does the Law Enforcement want?</h3>
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The Law Enforcement Agencies (LEA) find it difficult to assess the encrypted information that they get from gaining access to the communications of criminals, terrorists and spies.</div>
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Even the state and local agencies investigating crimes like child kidnappings and car crashes find it difficult in the digital era with the increase in pieces of evidence that are electronic devices they can’t access without a search warrant.</div>
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Further, if the cyber criminal "Pleads the Fifth," it becomes more challenging for the LEA.</div>
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What do the Citizens need?</h3>
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The Citizens of the United States have stood up for a temporary alliance, where they are petitioning the President for privacy, security, and integrity of their communications and systems.</div>
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The campaign initiated by the U.S. citizens requires participation of their fellow citizens by signing the petition on the website <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Savecrypto.org</i>, and the stats say they need 50,000 more number of participation from the people.</div>
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If they reach a majority of 100,000, then they will get a reply from the White House. Also, if they get more than 370,000 votes, it will be the most popular <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">WhiteHouse.gov</i> petition ever.</div>
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How Encryption comes into Play?</h3>
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Companies that provide encryption are the ones that reside in between both the primary entities (LEA and Citizens) because they are ones allowing us to encrypt our information over:</div>
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In the matter of text, the companies offer encryption in which the only persons who can read that message are the sender and the receiver.</div>
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Whereas, in the case of a device, only its owner has the access to the device's data. However, the companies themselves leave '<b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">backdoors</b>' or <b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">keys to decrypt</b> that data for the government, even if served with search warrants or intercept orders.</div>
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As, decoding the communication is a challenging task for the LEA, certain members of Congress and the FBI want to force these companies to give the government special access to the citizens</div>
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data.</div>
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And to achieve this they want these companies to:</div>
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<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Build security vulnerabilities</li>
<li style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Give them a "<b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">golden key</b>" to unlock the citizens encrypted communications.</li>
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However, the <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">"security experts agree that it's not possible to give the government what it wants without creating vulnerabilities that could [even] be exploited by bad actors," </i>quoted the<a href="http://savecrypto.org/" rel="nofollow" style="border: 0px; color: #3d5a99; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Savecrypto.org</a>.</div>
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<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">It's like having no meaning of "Encryption" and "Security."</b></i><br style="content: " "; display: block; margin: 20px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="content: " "; display: block; margin: 20px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;" /></b></i></div>
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If this is the way Obama Administration is going to handle the Encryption policy for communications for the citizens, it would be a No-win situation.</div>
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The decision was declared at a Cabinet meeting on October 1, 2015, and, as the president has said, the US will <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">"work to ensure that malicious actors can be held to account — without weakening our commitment to strong encryption."</i></div>
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National Security Council spokesman Mark Stroh also replied and said, <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">"As part of those efforts, we are actively engaged with private companies to ensure they understand the public safety and national security risks that result from malicious actors' use of their encrypted services and products."</i></div>
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Obama Encryption Policy: White House Will Not Force Companies To Decode Encrypted Data

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